Titanium alloys yog alloys raws li titanium ntxiv nrog rau lwm yam. Titanium muaj ob lub isomorphic crystals: kaw-packed hexagonal α titanium hauv qab 882 ° C, thiab lub cev-centered cubic β titanium saum 882 ° C.
Alloying cov ntsiab lus tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb pawg raws li lawv cov kev cuam tshuam ntawm theem hloov pauv kub:
① Cov ntsiab lus stabilize lub α theem thiab nce qib hloov pauv kub yog α stabilizing cov ntsiab lus, xws li txhuas, carbon, oxygen, thiab nitrogen. Ntawm lawv, txhuas yog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm titanium alloy, uas muaj cov txiaj ntsig pom tseeb ntawm kev txhim kho cov alloy' qhov kub thiab txias siab zog, txo qis kev nqus, thiab nce elastic modulus.
② Lub caij stabilizes β theem thiab txo cov theem hloov pauv kub yog β-stabilizing lub caij, uas tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob hom: isomorphic thiab eutectoid. Cov qub muaj xws li molybdenum, niobium, vanadium, thiab lwm yam .; tom kawg suav nrog chromium, manganese, tooj liab, hlau, silicon thiab lwm yam.
③ Cov ntsiab lus uas tsis tshua muaj txiaj ntsig rau theem hloov pauv kub yog cov khoom nruab nrab, xws li zirconium thiab tin.
Oxygen, nitrogen, carbon thiab hydrogen yog lub ntsiab impurities hauv titanium alloys. Oxygen thiab nitrogen muaj ntau dua solubility nyob rau hauv α theem, uas muaj ib tug tseem ceeb ntxiv dag zog rau cov titanium alloy, tab sis nws txo cov plasticity. Nws feem ntau tau teev tseg tias cov pa oxygen thiab nitrogen hauv titanium yog 0.15-0.2% thiab 0.04-0.05% lossis tsawg dua, feem. Lub solubility ntawm hydrogen nyob rau hauv lub α theem yog heev me me, thiab ntau heev hydrogen yaj nyob rau hauv lub titanium alloy yuav tsim hydrides, uas yuav ua rau cov alloy nkig. Feem ntau, cov ntsiab lus hydrogen hauv titanium alloys yog tswj hauv qab 0.015%. Lub dissolution ntawm hydrogen nyob rau hauv titanium yog reversible thiab yuav raug tshem tawm los ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev annealing.