Nickel yog ib qho kev hloov pauv hlau, lustrous, silvery dawb nrog kub, khoom nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub, nrog ib tug boiling point ntawm 2730 degree thiab ib tug melting point ntawm 1455 degree. Nws yog ferromagnetic, tawv, corrosion thiab xeb resistant, thiab malleable. Txij li cov nickel tshwm sim ib txwm muaj, nws yuav tsum tau mined los ntawm hauv av. Nickel yog tsuas yog tau los ntawm extractive metallurgy. Extractive metallurgy yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev rho tawm cov hlau xav tau los ntawm cov hlau thiab ua kom zoo dua los ua kom cov hlau rho tawm kom huv.
1. Kev faib tawm ntawm nickel
Vim tias nws cov khoom tsim nyog, npib tsib xee feem ntau ua ke nrog lwm cov ntsiab lus los tsim cov alloys. Qee cov ntaub ntawv alloying suav nrog, tab sis tsis txwv rau: chromium, cobalt, tooj liab, thiab hlau. Cov nickel alloy feem ntau yog stainless hlau. Nws yog tsim los ntawm hlau, 18% chromium thiab 8% npib tsib xee. Feem ntau yog Hastelloy, Inconel Alloy, Invar Alloy thiab Monel Alloy.
2. Daim ntawv thov Nickel
Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm npib tsib xee yog ua ke nrog hlau, tooj liab, chromium thiab lwm yam hlau los tsim cov ntaub ntawv alloy nrog kub tsis kam, corrosion kuj, tsis tshua muaj thermal expansion coefficient, zoo ductility, siab tensile zog, zoo malleability thiab zoo conductivity. Nickel alloys yog siv dav hauv kev lag luam aviation, marine, tshuaj lom neeg, kev kho mob thiab hluav taws xob. Cov khoom lag luam xws li TVs xim, cov khoom siv sib txuas lus, cov cuab yeej siv phais mob, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab cov cav turbine disks yog txhua yam ua los ntawm npib tsib xee thiab npib tsib xee alloys. Ntshiab nickel kuj tseem siv tau rau hauv electroplating thiab bonding agents.
3. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm nickel
Nickel yog ib txwm tshwm sim thiab tsuas yog tau los ntawm kev tsuas. Cov txiaj ntsig tsis zoo ntawm cov mining yuav cuam tshuam rau lub ntuj thiab tib neeg ib puag ncig. Ntxiv mus, nickel alloys xws li Inconel yog qhov nyuaj rau kev tsim thiab lawv cov nqi kho mob tsis tsawg.
Hauv kev xaus, cov khoom siv npib tsib xee yog qhov ruaj khov thiab 100 feem pua rov ua dua tshiab, thiab tseem ceeb heev hauv kev tsim kho thiab qee yam khoom siv hauv kev lag luam xws li lub zog thiab kev sib txuas lus. Nws yog tawv, corrosion resistant, huv si thiab pab tau nyob rau hauv kev kho mob kev lag luam. Tsis tshua muaj siv nyob rau hauv nws daim ntawv purest, npib tsib xee feem ntau ua ke nrog lwm yam hlau los ua alloys uas muab ductility thiab lub zog ntawm qhov kub thiab txias.
